Nanopore DNA sequencing

This method is based on a reading of the electrical signal to generate a conversion of nucleotides from the pores of the association α-hemolysin and covalent bond cyclodextrin. DNA passing through the nanopore change of the ion current. This changes the shape of the DNA sequence, depends on the length and size. any type of nucleotide units of the ion current through the pore different time periods. Since there is no need to change the nucleotides it this way, has the potential to develop, but it is not yet available nucleotide resolution of the single.

In order to determine the order in which they appear in the DNA strand nucleotide, nanopore sequencing is the method of development from 1995. Nanopore is a small hole in the order of 1 nanometer inner diameter slightly. Done (tens of nm), by etching a slightly larger hole in the piece of silicon also leads to much more features and porous transmembrane cell protein some, such as Nanopor Nanopor, filled using the modified method of long ion then gradually small hole diameter of the nanopores – being. Further graphene, and are considered as synthetic substrate for a solid Nanopor. By (voltage) is applied to the above theory behind nanopore array be observed current due to conduction of ions through the nanopore when the nanopore is immersed in the fluid and it has the potential possible. The amount of current is very sensitive to the size and shape of the nanopore. If (base) single nucleotide, chains of molecules of DNA or other is near the nanopore or pass, this will allow you to create a characteristic change in the amount of current passing through the nanopore.

DNA may be transferred via the nanopore for various reasons. For example, it is possible to pass through it possibly to attract the electrophoresis of DNA for nanopore and can. Or enzyme that is associated with the nano-pores, can lead to DNA nanopore. Like thread through the eye of a needle more, the size of the nanopores means that the base of one, is forced from the hole as long string at a time is the DNA. As it did, each nucleotide of the DNA molecule, can prevent the nanopores Features degree of another. Thus, unlike the nanopore issued by whether they are blocked, the amount of current that can at any time through the nanopore varies DNA of the current through the nanopore by the DNA molecule through the nanopore direct reading of T C, G, or sequencing. This approach is demonstrated by Hagan Bailey Oxford nanopores Technology professor – Alternatively, the nanopore can be used for them to identify the DNA bases individual passing through the nanopore in the correct order.

Potential, is that it is possible without the need for identifying or labeling substances chemical labeling step or one molecule intervention PCR amplification step of the DNA, the need for optical instruments, and sequenced directly using the nanopore . As of July 2010, the information is publicly available, nanopore sequencing, shows that data backup and laboratory-based, it is still being developed some of the various components of the method You. Despite these improvements, sequencing of the nanopores is not useful enough to counter the “next generation sequencing” methods are currently available parallelism also routineized,. The DNA analysis technology of nanopore-based, through the R & D solid sequencing and internal (protein Nanopor, in order to establish a chain sequencing and direct exo sequencing in collaboration with academic institutions Oxford nanopore technology in industry (Nanopor is used in combination with fluorescent labels NobleGen and Nanopor samples were developed using the library (DNA NabSys, these probes, a) to detect when it is hybridized to single-stranded DNA,) to). The research project IBM, some projects solid nanopores, characterized by computer simulations of the transfer of DNA strands to identify the DNA bases in any direction.

nanopores of the bacteria that cause the dissolution α-hemolysin (αHL), red blood cells, has been studied for more than 15 years. By this time, studies have shown that it is possible to identify four bases all using the ion current between the αHL pores. To identify a specific base movement through the holes is preferably ΑHL structure. The αHL pores, it is long in the 10 Nm ~ 5 nM in in two distinct sections. The upper example, it may be made of (R1, R2, R3) capable of recognizing three sites consisting of large structure, such as lower entrance and to distinguish each of the base to another. has been developed through the structure variation and basic research of sequence with the αHL, is moving toward the consistency of a very long read. Protein mutation αHL has improved the detection capability of the pore. The next step to be associated with exonuclease αHL pores are planned. Enzyme will cleave itself periodically to allow to identify the base pores continuous. It is possible to slow down the transfer of DNA holes connecting the exonuclease organic pores and improve the accuracy of the data collection. Recent studies, I have demonstrated the ability of αHL to detect the nucleotide at the site of two separate lower half of the pores. Create a measurable ion current value 16 different four instead, while moving through the hole, the site of the R2 and R1, you can each site occurs twice. This method can improve the single nanopore read by doubling the site that sequence is read nanopores.