Avoidance in Yeast

It is used for a variety of mutation test of forward and reverse different  Detection survey to detect all events certain types of only normal forward mutation mutation test case is to destroy gene function in MutS homolog of repair of biological characteristics to return analysis S.cerevisiae.Whereas. And conversion analysis to be used ofcommonly example, A-1 short-term events mononucleotide, CYC1 return system monitoring the possible base substitution of all of hom3-10 conversion system within the detection codon reversal of lys21Bgl/lys21A746 system primarily Detection of Various frame mutations were included. Forward mutations are seen by the choice of canavanine resistance, or loss, of the activity of each suppressor tRNA or orCAN1 gene, SUP4-O general. In addition, some systems have been developed to study the frame for generating a DNA polymerase slippage event occurring particularly simple tandem repeat.

Each system that is widely used two using a URA3 gene LACZ bacteria or yeast either gene fusion and slip or recovered URA3 function – can be identified by selecting the loss galactosidase. At the end of the base, the LYS2  Systems have been developed to monitor the mono track stability  composition and different sizes. Type of system latter increased 3-4 orders of magnitude when it is completely inactivated yeast MMR system is particularly useful for detecting subtle mutator phenotype by mutations long mononucleotide. While involved in the repair of various subsets of mutant intermediates MSH6 and MSH3, genetic evidence suggests that it is necessary for MSH2, each mismatch correction in nuclear DNA within. MSH6 mutant CYC1 base substitution analysis showed no detectable increase in the mutation rate, and MSH2 is, have a mutator phenotype of the same mutant MSH3.

These data have demonstrated that MSH2-MSH6 complex intermediate base substitution only, and are involved in the removal of in transformation experiments with double-stranded DNA mismatch-containing heteroaryl, MSH2-MSH3 complex base based on Mismatch repair sequence and context strains showed that it may have a role in most cases. It Depending mismatch base and a minor role in recognition of MSH3, to suppress recombination divergence between the sequences consisting only of the base substitution mutation is important. Conversion rate of alleles that can be returned in the same intermediate is very large, important outcome of the meeting of the CYC1 study was the difference in MMR-related. For example, the TA TA transversion GC GC and can be included or G / C to / T mismatch as mutation intermediates, but the former type of mutation, become 1,000 times than the latter more often. (E.g., 8 – GO or oxoguanine) bases undergo oxidative damage of DNA template MMR system, is important if for removing the base of the normal which is inserted against that can explain the reversal rate variability There it was suggested. OGG1 and MSH6 gene () MSH2, and lesion GO, MSH2 (b) / to go from particular DNA product work after that – to demonstrate the synergistic interaction of removal between genes indicating the high affinity of MSH6, this prediction mispairs, it has not been confirmed.

There is very low in general, MSH6 or MSH3 variant analysis are unique within  MSH3 MSH6 double mutant and mutator phenotype, shows a mutator phenotype very strong equivalent mutations and MSH2. MSH2 – MSH2-MSH3 complex and MSH6 Experiments competition for repairing the intermediate of the frame containing the extrahelical loop of 2 NT or 1, a simple amount of from 20 BP 1 base pair – who are MSH2 only is changed repeatedly is, I have a repair activity for expanding the chain show-MSH3 complex. In this study, it is shown that NT extrahelical loops greater than about 15 did not receive MMR, but suggests that it is possible lines of about 100 points are removed by the MSH2-MSH3 using the system another analysis are. The slight differences mutation data can be determined, the sequence context mismatch recognition, and assuming that it is an important element of the reconstruction process and / or obtained using a variety of assays.

The results obtained in the analysis plan homopolymer of in vivo and in vitro mismatch binding assay, it was shown that it is possible to sequence context has a large impact on the efficiency of MMR. When comparing themsh2 spectrum of the spectrum obtained by the wild-type strain, frame mutation shows a proportional increase larger than the base exchange in both analyzing of SUP4-O forward mutation and CAN1. As E. coli, yeast MMR system shows than performing base substitution of the intermediate efficiently correcting the intermediate frame, and that. Further, experiments frame specific example, MMR system as yeast, such as EE system eliminates the mutant intermediate sequence analyzed by suggesting effectively confirmed as compared to the non-repetitive sequences. Unlike E. coli, the MMR system time, display a strong preference for the repair of transition beyond the base substitution of transversion intermediates, the SUP4-O system experiments, MMR system of yeast, repair transversion intermediate to show to the very low tolerance has been shown.

Both of MutS function of complex yeast and Mutl component  Correct mutation middle. The study, mutation rate, phenotype ofmlh1,
Most of the mismatch PMS1, andmsh2mutants suggested distinction is usually stick that are in need of hetero complex of PMS1 MSH2-MSH6 complex and Mutl protein MLH1 repair the MSH2-MSH3,. (MLH3 and MLH2) Minor additional activity Mutl cognate two, however, have been identified, they are supposed to act as a heterodimer complex with MLH1 to correct the distortion that is recognized by the MSH2-MSH3 complex . Interestingly, PMS1 mRNA only be yeast cell cycle regulation, complexes comprising MLH1, different, increase the likelihood that exist in different times during the cell cycle. Therefore it is possible to dominate the synthesis of DNA, other complexes might be important for DNA repair disorders arising from the context of the DNA replication of normal, MLH1/PMS1 complex, most of the replication error I corresponds to.