DNA nanotechnology

In order to create a self-organization branched DNA complexes with useful properties, DNA nanotechnology, uses the properties of the molecular recognition of unique nucleic acid and other DNA. Instead of this DNA, as a carrier of biological information, I was used as a structural material. (Method by use of “origami DNA” and both plates) two-dimensional periodic lattice, and this has led to the formation of three-dimensional structure in the form of a polygon. Own device algorithmic and nanomechanical devices is also shown, DNA constructs, these were used available templates other molecules such as proteins and streptavidin gold nanoparticles.

DNA nanotechnology is the design and manufacture of man-made structures for nucleic acid applications of technology. In the art, and not as a non-living materials for engineering nanotechnology nucleic acid is used as a carrier of genetic information in living cells. This use is enabled by the strict rules of the nucleic acid base pairs causing only a portion of the strand and the base sequence complementary to bind together to form a double helix structure of strong, solid. This allows the rational design of base sequence to be combined to form a composite structure comprising a control target nano features precisely selectively. DNA is a material dominant used, but the nucleic acid sequence for explaining structure including other nucleic acids such as RNA such, and built peptide nucleic acid also (PNA), and nanotechnology lead to further use of the names.

Conceptual basis for DNA nanotechnology is imposed by Nadrian Seaman in the early 1980s to the first, in the field, I have begun to attract widespread interest in mid-2000. Researchers have developed a static structure of both functional structures, such as DNA computing and molecular machines and such shape, any three-dimensional lattice and two such dimensions, nanotubes, and polyhedron. Several ways to connect, of these structures including the structure of the tile-based collected by the structure using a strand displacement techniques substructures, and DNA origami method, folding by using dynamically reconfigurable architecture it is used for the production. In order to determine the structure of the protein, the field, so as to be used by including in applications in crystallography and spectroscopy, a tool for science, structural biology and to address critical issues in Biophysics was. It is also considering the possibility of application of nano-medicine and molecular scale electronics.

In many cases, nanotechnology, has been defined as the science of materials and devices with features on a scale of 100 nanometers or less. In particular, nanotechnology DNA can bottoms were organized structure stable particular shape of these structures caused by physical or chemical properties of the component that is selected from spontaneous DNA designers.In nanocomposite molecular component This is an example of self-molecule devices up. Double helix nucleic acid to have a diameter of length helical repeats of 3.5 nm 2nm ~, is a strand of nucleic acids such as DNA, which is suitable for the nanostructures.

An important characteristic to make a useful nucleic acid in building the structure of other materials, depending on simple rules in base pairs is well understood, the connection between nucleic acid strands of the two assembly of the nucleic acid structure needs to be controlled by the design nucleic acid to form a specific structure in the coupling is performed. This feature, not present in the other materials used in nanotechnology, including a protein that can not design a protein is very difficult, nanoparticles special unit itself.

Structure of a nucleic acid molecule comprising a sequence of nucleotides which is characterized by containing the nucleic acid base. The DNA, the adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine base four is (T). The nucleic acid if the two sequences have the property of forming a duplex two molecules are bonded to each other are complementary to each other, this coupling nucleotide to G and C T only those and means having a corresponding array of pairs. For formation of a suitable matching base pairs is a nucleic acid strand energetically favorable, be interconnected to a structure to increase the number of base pairs correctly is expected in most cases. By determining the pattern of binding, the overall structure of the method can be controlled easily nucleotide sequence, the system of the fiber. In DNA nanotechnology, pairing interactions underlying cause threads reasonable nucleotide sequence of the strand to collect the desired structure, and is designed by researchers.